Wafer baking machine



Feb. 28, 1933.

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, l-. llllwlfl llllllllvlil llmalfll l wr@ L 1@ l@ i ,ili"talented#Feb,-` 28',"1"9153 le v Y* i i i a f UNirED-fisgTATEsfPATENTS for-Flon,

e JAMESBALTON, orBALTmoRE, MARYLANQASSIGNOR ToJosErHsHAPrRo, or` .e v fY f LBALTIMORE,"MARYLAND 1 f WAFER BAKINGMACHINE l i Application ledDecember 10, 1931. Serial`V No. 580,167.

` My presentinvention relates tothe art of plantes of the units andsubsequently frointhe baking, and especially to the bakingof pastrymachine. n f i ,Y f wafers In baking .pastryvvafers it has long Further,itis an 'object toprovide 4each been the practiceto-*ba'kethembetweenHat .baking unit Withmeans toextract orV peel A, 5,plates which are sometimes 4hinged together the Wafer sheet fromrtheplate .to vvhichit v`55 at one end and usuallyareyprovided With ymost tenaciously adheres, andv.in--order to locking-,devices forholding', them; togetherV linsure the` proper action of the extractor itWhile the batter, placed between theplates, isa further lobject of theinvention .toprois baking. Machines have! hereofore been vvidetheextractory with meansy for effecting` Oldevised for baking lWafensheetsr`(see, for aemechanical interlockingQof ythe extractor ,59,

example',Lettersl Patent No. r967,147 ,August and .the yWafer duringthebakingprocess and 10, 1910, to Trewick, andy Patent No. 990,577,during the earlier stages of the separation April 25, .1911, to Mayleetal.) ,but all maf the plates of the units (opening the units). Chimeswhich have heretofore been brought t0 .v Other objects will in part beobviousand l my attention are relatively slow 4in operation, n part bepointed` outl'hereinafter.- 1 6,5 ff

take up considerable yfloorspace,-require one To theattainmentoftheaforesaid (,)bjectsv or more attendants, particularlyfto insure theLand ends theinventonincludes those novel removal of the baked wafer-sfrom the plates QOmbinations construction of mechanisms and preventclogging ofthe machine, thus and cooperative .relationship of partswhich v limiting thejeiiicieney of the machine.y `It is l Wlllhereinafter be firstl described and thenll)A therefore anl object ofmyinvention to proespecifically pointedjout inthe appended Y vide amachine whichvwill not only takeup claims,.reference being had t0 theaccompany-` little iloor space, but will bewholly autol ing drawings inwhich:-. ,e matic throughoutlits entire cycle ofopera- Figure 1 Sa frontelevationof thelower tion, will require noy constant attendant, andlefthand`(90 degree) portion of the machine. 7,5

will beone Whose operating eiicie'ncy is yso Flgure 2 is afrontelevation of theylower high asto effect a verymaterial reductionyright-hand (90 degree) portion ofthe main the-cost of manufacturingwafers. chine; .Figures 1 and 2 may be read together Further, it is anobject to provide a Wafer as' one by joining the vertical lines bakingmachine, `Wholly automatic, `Which v 1 Figure?) is a rear elevationoflthfat portion 8 0 is simple; in construction, lov#7 in first cost,,of the machines-Which is shown'in Figure f2. r and Whose maintenancecharges are at,4 a Fgllrei is arear elevatOil Ofthatportion minimum. f Ver 7 y 'a l,of the machine :which is shown in-*Figure 1.4

Again, it. is an objectto'y provide a VWafer .Y 1 Figure 5 isanvenlarged detail-front elevabaking machineusingla ferrisvvheel typecartion of a portion ofthe machine. e e ,8,5 rier for the bakingunitsand so to `mount the Figure 6 is a front elevation of oneofv the unitsonthe carrier that they" may be replate -locks.-v 'd ymoved and replacedwith little loss of time, f Figure'? is aside elevationof the platelock,

should replacement become necessary either the rollers being'shownindotted lines. 90 in ycase ofrepairsorffor the ypurpose of chaugfFigure 8 is a plan of the' lock, the rollers ing the design 'oflthe'vvafer to be made.y Y being shown in dotted lines. i

Further, it yisan object toprovidea Wafer Figure 9 is a detail sectiontaken substanif baking machine `of isuch construction ythat tiallyontheline 9-9 of Figurei. i the baked waferswillalwaysadhereto the Figure10 is across-section'of aba-king unit'95 same wafer plate in each`unit,'thereby avoidtaken ysubstantially on the line 10-10`of Figing ahit-and-mi'ss adhesion fof the krvvafers vure`9. v y I e. 'to the platesand abyvproviding such uniform- Figure 11 is a side elevation ofla'b'aking l 4 ity of action allo'n7 thef use of "mechanical plate unitin the discharging position-just bemeans forL removingxgthe .wafersfrom4V theiforegthe stripper bar hasbeenactuated f100 y the cam 66, thestripper being shown in discharging position in dotted lines.

Figure 12 is an enlarged cross-section through two cross T-bars and thebaking unit located between them.

Figure 13 is a plan thereof.

Figure 14 is aperspective view of a T- bar.

Figure 15 is a diagrammatic view illustratlower baking plate during theact of strip- Ping Figure 16 is a detail perspective view, on a smallscale, of the stripper fork. Figure 17 isa perspective view of the cams66-71 on their supporting plate, a part of the plate be` ing brokenaway.

, In the drawings in which like numerals and letters of referencedesignate like parts in all the `figures:

1 represents the main supporting frame castings located on the base orleg castings 2 Y to which they are rigidly secured.V The main supportingframe castings 1 are provided with bearings 3 for the shaft of therotatable wheel and the castings 1 also carry the hood supportingsub-frame 4. Y

The rotatable wheel 5 is of approximately E-shape in vertical.cross-section and consists of a hub with spokes G-m radiating there- YJmechanism from the motor 80. The general `construction of the mainframe, the rotatable wheel and the power transmitting mechanism, as wellas thatof the batter charging mechanism 79, may be of the same'generalconstruction as the corresponding paits of the machine disclosed in myLetters Patent No.` 1,772,450, issued August 12, 1930, so a further'detailed description of the foregoing parts is believed to beunnecessary here.

The T-bars 7 adjacent the rear-end plate 8 are provided with U-shapesockets 14 to Vreceive the hinge of the baking plate units. The hingepins are retained removably in the vU-shaped sockets 14 by means ofplates 15 secured to the T-bars by cap screws 16-in such .manner that byloosening the screws the plates may be turned to open the sockets forthe reception or removal oir' the hinge pins Vin placing or removing theunits from the wheel. f

v The top surface 17 of each T-bar 7 is preferably convex. To thisconvexsurface of each T-bar is secured a pair of batter-trimming blades18 runninglengthwise of the ing the action of the stripper bars,showingu the cooperative relation of notches and the T-bars and havingslots through which the fastening screws 19 pass so that the blades maybe adjusted to and from each other.

20 designates the lower (outer) baking plate of a unit. It is providedwith a suitable-area 21 of tilagree design (grooves and ridges). Theplate 20 has side recesses 22 for the stripper bars which are held inthe recesses against Alateral displacement by re- -lnovable side plates23 securedat 24 to the plate 20.

25 is rthe stripper fork, there being one for each plate 20. The fork ispivotally mounted on pivot screws 26and includes a pair of K stripperbars 27 which lie in the recesses 22 with the plates 23 when the` bakingplates 2O and 30 are closed together. VThe side strips 31 are secured tothe plates 30 by screws VVThe plates 20 and 30 are hinged together by`means of ears 33 and 34 on the lower and upper plates respectively andthe hinge pin 83 which has its ends projected into the sockets 14. l

The lower baking plate 20 of each unit carries, a roller 35 at thefrontl which is mounted on the plate by screw studs 36.

The upper baking plate of each unit alsol has a liront stud 37 on whicha lock 38 is pivoted This lock has a locking linger 39 which carriesadjustable locking screw and jam nut 40. Each lockV 38 carries a lockingroller 41,'an unlocking roller 42 and is provided With a counterweight43 which slightly overbalances the weight of the lockingI roller and thelocking linger, thus facilitating the unlocking act when the unit istravelthe latter insuring complete locking in the event that the cam 45fails tofunction properly. The locking cam track section 44 is pref-verably pivoted at` 48 and at its advance end (the end remote from thepivot) is provided with a butler spring device 47 which will yield whenexcessive pressure is encountered, thereby preventing breaking of thelocks and 67 the stripperreturning primary cam andy 68 the stripperreturningiinal vcam, the lat-. ter being in the nature of a safetyldevice and associated parts should one become displaced and failproperlyto function; '1

An overhead rest 'track49 vis provided for supporting the front ends ofthe baking plate units inpassing through the'oven hood. The

after end of' the overhead trackV L9 n braced at 51V and'carries theplate unlocking cam 52. It is also provided with a cutaway portion 57 toallow the shearingcam y58 'to function.y i f59'designatestheadvancesupporting track for the baking units at theirfront ends. This track extends about 90 degrees in the lower:

left-hand quarter of the -machinewhen viewed "from the front. f

60 indicates the final supportingtrackfor the lower baking units frontends and it isv braced vat 6l.-

63' designates the cam `tracks `for lowering the 'lower baking yplate(unit y opening) and raisingthe same again (unit closing). These vtracks63 constitute a part of the discharging mechanism. They are suitablysupported by brackets 64 and 65. n

66qindicates the stripper operating cam,

' being mounted on a pivoted armj69, pivoted at l70 at one end. andsupportedatvthe otherl end by a buffer spring device 71.

The upper (inner) baking lplate of each unit has a plate-lifting `fork 7Q-,which straddles the adjacent spoke 6x and projects to the rear sideofthe machine` where it carries 1 a roller 73 ythat cooperates with acam track 74'whose function isto depress the roller `73y and cause theupper baking plate to be elevated for the purpose of permitting theintroduction of batter-charging mechanism.

75 is a safety 4track toprevent lthe yroller v73 from jumping away `fromthetrack 7 4.

76 and 77 Ldesignate the lowering cams for the upper baking platewhichfunction aftery the units have becn'chargedwith batter'.

` The cam 77 has an extension 7 S'for holding the upper plate againstopening up too far under steam and batter expansion pressure until theupper and lower plates shall have been locked. i

' 81 is a suitable take-0H conveyory on which the wafers aredepositedpbythe 'stripper action rand by which conveyor the bakedrwafers areremoved fromthe machine.l

4From the foregoinggit will be observed thatin order to remove orreplace a baking unitA it is only necessary yto loosen the plates Y l5,swing them `from the sockets 14, and disconnect the fork 72,V whereuponthe baking unit may be bodily; lifted out frornthe wheel in itsentirety. There being'no spokes'or other obstruction at the `front rofthe wheel it is very easy fori the kmechanic to move and replace a unit.

'iThe; machine passes throughthe following cycle of operation,to wit:

The upper baking plate vof theunit inthe lower-most position in Figuresland 2 hav- 4 ingbeenraised throughrthe action of the cam track 7 4,"acharge of batter is squirted onto the lower plate. kContinuing rotationof the wheel moves thisunit in a clockwise direction' in Figure l.`Having been charged withl batter, `the upper baking plate of theyAunitis lowered through the action of fthe cams 76 and 77 after'which'the lock 38 has its roller/l1: brought into engagementwith theylocking cam; which forces the lock to bring its linger 39under theroller 35* on they frontro'l rtlielower ,bakingplate and thus locktheplates 'togethen They then kpassf around'through the ovenhood and downthe right-hand side of the machine. In passing from the baking chamberdownwardly the shearing cam `58 first comesinto action to rock the uniton its'aXis in the sockets 14, thereby causing ,the battertrimmingblades y18 to shear oli theV eXuded batter from the sides ofthebaking unit. Continuing its travel, the unlocking cam- 52 is rengagedrby y* the unlocking roller 42, thus causing the lock 38 to beturnedtobring itslocking finger 39 out of engagement` with the roller.i. .f

Onfpassing from the unlocking cam the roller (mountedlon a stud 85carried by a bracket 86 on thefrontfof thelower` mold i plate) isengagedby the Acam tracks 63 and the lower plate of the unit is dropped,while the front roller 87 of' theA upper v.unit rests on the bridge:plate4 11. As itapproaches ythe approximate vertical position the roller29y of the stripper forkfwill be engagedv bythe fstripper operatingrcamf 66 to cause the stripper to operate to eject andtrim olf the bakedwafers from the lower baking plate.

Continued movement of fthe .wheel Acauses the roller 29 to be engagedfbythe cam 67 tion (Figuresk l and 2) brings the roller 73 into engagementwith the camtracks 74 again to raise the' upper rbakingplate and thuscomplete .thecycle` of operation. ItV will be noted .by reference Atothe diagrammatic `Figure l5 that since the stripper is pivoted aty thefrontend of the lower bak- 'n I ing `plate-it willfthrow the waferdownwardly onto the olf-take conveyor 8l. .Furthen since thepivot of thestripper is below thc` 'baking surface/of the lower baking plate, it

is obvious 'that the stripping of the waferV will occur adjacentto thehingel axis of lthe baking plates first, or at any ,ratethe strippingmovementwill-be more rapid at that place `than at the front endrv of thebaking plates. Consequently there is a sliding motion that takes placebetween the baked waferV which is mechanically interlocked with theYstripper bars is automatically disengaged therefrom, thus freeing thewafer from the stripper bars at the same time that the stripper barsfree the wafer from the baking plate surface.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, it is thought that the complete construction,operation and advantages of the invention will be clear to those skilledin the -a'rt to which it appertains. YWhile I have herein described andillustrated in the drawings the preferred embodiment of my invention, itmust be obvious to any one skilled in the art that changes inV detailsof consaid plates apart and close them togetherA again, means to depositbatter between the opened plates, means to heat said plates, and meansto release the baked wafers from the baking surfaces of the plates anddischarge the bak-ed wafers from between the opened plates. V

2. In wafer baking machines, an endless carrier, a set of baking unitsmounted thereon and each comprising an upper and a lower baking platehinged together, means to open said platesI apart and close themtogether again, means to deposit batter betweenthe opened plates, meansto heat said plates, and means to release the baked wafers from thebaking surfaces of the plates and discharge the baked wafers frombetween the opened plates, said discharging means including a lwaferstripping device for each unit and cam between the opened plates, saiddischarging means including a wafer stripping device for `each unit andcam tracks to actuate said stripping devices, said stripping deviceseach including provisions for interlocking with the baked wafers to holdthem to one of the baking plates of each 'unit until the other plate ofthat unit has freed itselffrom the wafer.

t.v In wafer baking machines, an endless carrier, a set of baking unitsmount-ed thereon, each unit comprising.y an upper and a lower bakingplate hinged together, means to open said plates apart and close themt0- gether again, means to deposit batter between the opened plates,means to heat said plates, means to cut theoverflow of; baked batterfrom the baking units before they open up, and means to discharge thebaked wafers from between the opened plates.

5. In wafer baking machines, anendless carrier, a set of baking unitsmounted thereon, eachunit comprising an upper and a lower baking platehinged together, means to open said plates apart and close Vthemtogether again, means to deposit batter between the opened plates,meansl to heat said plates, means to cut the overflow of baked batterfrom the baking units before they open up,

Vand means to discharge the baked wafers from between the opened plates,said cutting means comprising sta-tionarily held blades 4mounted on thecarrier, and means for mov- .ingthe Vunits as such to cause the bladesto remove the surplus baked product fromthe plates.

6. In wafer baking machines, an endless carrier, a set of baking unitsmounted thereon, each unit comprising Yan upper and a lower baking platehinged together, means to open said plates apart and close them togetheragain, means to deposit batter between the opened plates, mea-ns to heatsaid plates, means to cut the overflow of baked batter from the bakingunits before they open up,and means to discharge the baked wafers frombetween the openedv plates, said cutting means comprising stationarilyheld bla-des mounted on the carrier, and means for moving the units assuch to cause the blades to remove the surplus baked product from theplates, said discharging means including a wafer stripping device foreach baking unit and a cam track located at a fixed place in the path oftrav-el of thecarrier for actuating said stripping device. A

7. In wafer baking machines, a rotatable wheel, a set of baking unitscarried by said wheel and each comprising two baking plates hingedtogether at one end, a lock at the other end securing the plates oftheunits together in baking relationship, means to actuate said lockingmeans and securing and releasing the plates of the units-atpredetermined intervals, cam tracks'for separating and bringing togetherthe plates of the respective units vwhile they are unlocked, means todeposit batter between the separated plates and to remove the bakedwafers from between the same at predeterminedintervals, means to heat'the unitsA for baking, meansfcausingthe bakedr vsf-aiersto adhere moretenaciousl v.toy-one plate of the units thanto the'other, y'Lvirtue,l

of. which, when the units open up, the baked wafers :will ,lie uniformlyin the units, and means tofstrip thebaked wafers Vfrom the,

plates to which they ,have adhered more tena-` ciouslyand eject Ithewafers -from the ma chine', and means to trim overflow batter 1from theplates ,of the `units before :the units 8,. In Wafer-baking machines,wherein a set f of baking tunits is caused to travel through an endlesslv path; a baking k,unit l comprising;l aV pair of baking ypla'teshingedtogether at onev Y end, the opposing faces-offsaid platesbeing yprovided-with indentations., the indentations` of one plate beingogreatergmagnitudejthan those ofl the otherniplate, by virtue of which the bakedwafers Will be caused toadhere the i so.

'asY

i platevalong the-longitudinal sides thereof,r said bars having one edgeexposed, meansu morek tenaciously tof one plate' than to the other, andmeans on theone plate for stripping the baked wafers therefrom Whenthe f9; In Wafer baking machines, wherein a 4 set of baking `units isicausedto travel through an endless path;` a baking unitgcomprising. a

' pair of baking plates hinged togetherA at one end,the opposing facesof said plates being r provided With indentations, theindentations ofone plate being of greater magnitudethan those ofthe other plate, byvirtue of which thebaked wafers Will be caused to adherethe moretenaoiously to one plate than to the other, and means on the one platefor stripping the .baked Waferstherefrom;WhentheV plates have beenseparated, said stripping means eornprisin'gstripperbars invsaid oneforpivotingsaid barsy at oneend to said one plate, and. means to movesaid bars Aon their pivots to strip thefbaked wafers from'said oneplate. ,y 1 Y i ,Y

10.`In Waferv baking machines, wherein a set of baking units is causedto travel through an endless "lath', a baking unitcomprising a pairofvba ing *plates hingedftogether at y one end, the opposing facesl ofsaid plates beingL provided with indentations, the indenta-rk tions ofone plate being of greater magnitude than those vof the other plate, byvirtueof which the baked .wafers will be caused to ad here the moretenaciously to one plate than to the other, and means on the oneplate'for stripping the baked -wafe'rs therefrom when theplates havebeenseparated, and means to cause the bakedwafers to adhere .to` thestrip'-kr stripping means is inactivel` l i ,v In Water bakingmachines,wherein a Vpingmeans-While saidstripping means is inactive and tobe-releasedftherefrom Whensaid stripping meansis inaction;

11. `In Wafer lbaking machines, yv'vv'herein `a set of bakmgunits iscaused to travel throughs' anendless path.; abaking unit comprisingapair of baking plates hinged together at one end,f'the opposing facesjofsaid plates being i' provideduwith indentations, the4 indentations ofone plate being of greater magnitude than` those l'of thet other plate,by virtueof which the bakedwafers vWill be causedto adhere .the

moretenaciousjly toone plate than; to the other,- and meanslo'n the oneplate yfor stripping the :baked wafers therefroniwhen'the plates yhavebeen separated, saidV stripping` means,comprising stripper bars rhingedat one end toesaid AoneJ plate ywith one edge ofthe .bars lezposfed,Vmeans for' pivoting said` bars I at one lend to said ,onel plate and fmeans t0,

ymove said bars on'their pivots outofsaid one; plate to'strip the bakedwafers fr omjthat:y

plate, and meansto icause-rthebaked wafers to'adhere to the stripping:means While ysaid set of baking unitsis l'causedto .travel 1throughanendless path; a baking vunitcomprisingal pair ofbakingplates hingedtogether at one end,the,oppo sing faces of said plates :being-y fprovided'gwith indentations, the indentations! of one plate Ibeing ofgreater, magnitude than those lof: the other plate, by ,virtueV of which,the lbaked vvafers Will'be caused to; adhere the more p tenaciously tothe one plate V:than 1 to the other,.and means'` on' thefone; plate .ifor strippingthe baked wafers therefrom when v the plates havevr beenseparated,` said strip-y T`pingmeans comprising stripper bars Vhinged Iyto said one plate with one edge of the Abar eX-` i 4 posed, means' for'pivotingl the said i ,barsk to said'one plate and-.means .to move saidbars on their pivotsout lof said one plate to vstrip the bakedWafersfrom ythat plate, andmeansl 'to eausethe baked wafers tofadrheretothe stripping means while said'stripping -means' isf-inactive, saidlast named-.means compriss ingun'dercut notches inthe exposed edges of fjsaidbar'sv sorftormed and related tothe pivots Y ofsaidbarsthat uponraising -the bars out of the "platesy fthe 'i bakedl wafers will befdisen,

theadj acent baking{plateA ,Y f.

13. A: vertically .rotatable 4Wheel'.y having a y hub and spokesgandturning `o na horizontal' gaged tremiti-1e notches and'pfk'strippedvfrom axis,y a.y set ofyvaterbaking units mounted at n the fperi'pheryvofi/said Wheel Y and lying v transversely ofthe spokes, each of saidunits com-` pri'sing ,an [inner gand*` anI outer plate hinged togethertadjacent Y said spokes* and pivotally mountedyasa unitfon said Wheel,locks for thez freefends' ofrfsaid ,plates,.burners to heat said. unitsduring their travel with.:7 ythefffvvheel,A l means to .actuate saidylocks alternatelyto y secure and release saidplates,i pilatestrippingknifeblades on the wheel adjacent each Y unit, cam tracks cooperatingwith the free ends of said units and including ai portion to rock theunits on their pivotal axes tol cause said'blades to shear the overflowbatter from the units, said cam tracks also including a portionformoving the outer plate of a unit on its hinge axis away Vfrom thexinnerplate thereof, and-means cooperatively assoy ieasoa units before they on u and means to detach the baked wa ers om the plates and discharge thewafers `from between the opened plates and from the machine.

18. In wafer baking machines, an endless carrier, a set of baking unitsmounted thereon, each unit comprising an upper and a lower bakin plate,means to open said plates apart and c ose them together again, means todeposit batter between the opened plates, means to heat said plates,means to cut the -overfiow of baked batter from the baking units beforethey open up, and means to discharge the baked wafers from between thevopened plates, said cutting means comprising stationarily-held bladesmounted on the carrier, and means for moving the units as such to causethe bladesto remove the surplus baked product' from the lates.

\" t n `JA ES BALTON.

at the end of the plate opposite the hinge airisof the plate. Y l

15. VIn wafer baking apparatus, two flat plateshinged together at oneend and havingal definite area of their opposing faces serrated,` a forkpivoted to one fof said f platesand' including a pair of bars, one

located' adjacent each'side of the plate for stripping the wafer fromthat plate, and means by which the fork may be manipulated for thepurposeA stated',`the" pivotal axis of said fork lyingat the end oftlieplate oppoj, site the hinge axis of the plate, and that plate p havingthe fork being grooved to receive the bars of thefork, leaving one edgeof each bar exposed.

y16. In wafer baking apparatus, two fiat 'plates hinged'together at oneend and' having a definite area of 'their` opposinol faces' serrated, afork pivoted to` one of saidD plates and inclu-ding a pair of bars, onelocated adjacenteach side ofV the platefor stripping theV wafer from,that plate, and means by which the fork may be manipulated for thepurpose stated, the pivotal'axis of said fork lying at the end of theplate opposite'the hinge axis of theplate, and thatplate havn j ing thefork being groov'edto receive the bars of the fork, leaving one edge ofeach barexposed, the exposed'edges of the barshaving notches forinterlocking with the wafer the notches being so formed as to Vbeself-re easing as the fork is raisedout of said groove stripping thewafer from the plate.

17. In wafer baking machines, an endless ferrie-wheel `type carrier, aset of bakingunits mounted thereon,` each unit comprising an upper and alower baking plate,means to open said: plates apart and close themtogetheragain as they move through the lower arc of their circular pathof travel, means to deposit batterV between the opened' plates, means toheat said plates, means to cut the overflowY of bakedbatter from thebaking Y iro iis izo

iso

